Recently, the "Technical Specifications and Test Procedures for the Measurement System of Exhaust Pollutants in the Simple Transient Conditions of Light Vehicles in Shandong Province" passed the expert review. In order to standardize the construction and operation of the exhaust pollutant measurement system in the light transient vehicle, the Shandong Provincial Environmental Protection Agency commissioned the driving system (Shandong) Testing Technology Co., Ltd. to prepare the standard and propose the consistency of testing the whole set of equipment. Repetitive technical indicator requirements.
"At present, smog has seriously affected the health and living environment of the people. The main source of pollution is vehicle exhaust emissions. The situation of motor vehicle inspection in Shandong Province is not satisfactory, and the data error is large, thus affecting the pollutants of motor vehicles. Control. To achieve the goal of blue sky and white clouds as soon as possible, it is necessary to establish a set of accurate, uniform, controllable and rigorous technical standards to strengthen motor vehicle management, limit the number of vehicles and eliminate high-polluting vehicles." On the 9th, the national motor pollution prevention and control profession Yan Lanqing, deputy director of the committee, said in an interview with the Economic Herald reporter.
"The release and implementation of this standard will further standardize the motor vehicle testing market, which is of great significance for strengthening motor vehicle management, controlling motor vehicle pollutant emissions, and improving the quality of the atmospheric environment." Zhang Yijian, Director of the Science and Technology and International Division of the Shandong Provincial Environmental Protection Agency The reporter said. A highly polluting vehicle emits 15 equivalent vehicles
“Continuously improving the emission standards of new vehicles does not necessarily reduce the amount of pollution. The focus of reducing pollution is to control the emission pollution control of vehicles.†Yan Yanqing said.
Yan Yanqing explained that the motor vehicle will only discharge pollutants during driving and when the engine is running, and the three filters will not be blocked on time, the air-fuel ratio will be misaligned, the engine will be excessively carbonized, the post-purifier will fail or the engine will be aging. It will cause serious pollution of motor vehicles; new vehicles will not be discharged if they are driven and stopped, that is, only vehicles that are sold to the society and in use will emit pollutants.
According to estimates, the pollution per kilometer of highly polluting vehicles is between 7.2 grams and 40 grams, and the pollution amount is equivalent to 4 to 20 times that of vehicles with less than 2 grams per kilometer.
“The emissions from a heavily polluted vehicle are equivalent to the emissions of more than 15 qualified vehicles.â€
Yan Yanqing took Beijing as an example for analysis. Eliminating 2% of highly polluting vehicles is equivalent to reducing the emissions of 1.5 million vehicles below 2 grams, accounting for about 25% of total vehicle emissions; for economic development and solving people's needs. Beijing allows about 500,000 new vehicles per year, and the emissions of 1 million vehicles are reduced. 13% of the qualified vehicles are repaired, and 2% of the vehicles eliminated can reduce the total vehicle emissions by more than 50%. The total amount of motor vehicle emissions in the atmosphere in Beijing is about 60%, which controls and cuts air pollution by more than 30%.
In 1983, China promulgated the "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law", which put forward testing requirements for motor vehicle emissions. With the continuous development of detection technology, there are many types of vehicle emission pollution detection technologies, such as double idle method, simple steady state method, and simple transient condition method. Since the accuracy of the double idle method is less than 50%, the accuracy of the simple steady state method is only about 75%, while the simple transient condition method can reach more than 95%. Therefore, the simple transient condition method has become a widely recommended detection method for the vehicle exhaust gas detection industry. Los Angeles Governance Experience
How to control motor vehicle exhaust pollution has become a global research topic. There are some successful experiences that can be used for reference.
Yan Yanqing cited the example of Los Angeles in the United States using simple transient detection to successfully control vehicle exhaust pollution.
Due to the serious impact caused by the "smog" incident in Los Angeles, the United States conducted in-depth research on motor vehicle pollution control and found that the emission of motor vehicles accounted for more than 80% of the air pollution, and 10% to 15% of the emissions in vehicles were seriously exceeded. The pollution amount accounts for 50% to 60% of the total emissions in the whole region. The United States has implemented a strict "I/M system" for this purpose. The "I" (testing system) implemented in the I/M system is to find out 10 From % to 15% of “high pollution vehiclesâ€; the United States is legislated by the states to require “simple transient detection technology†to test vehicles. The technical quality of inspection equipment is very strict. At present, only three companies have passed technical quality assessment.
“The United States implemented the I/M in-use vehicle from 1984 to 1993. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, emissions of carbon monoxide emissions in the United States decreased by 40%, ozone pollutant emissions decreased by 21%, and nitrogen oxides and carbon. Hydrogen compounds reduce gaseous lead emissions by 86%, PM10 particulate matter by 20%, and 110 tons of pollutants per day. Therefore, the United States has controlled air pollution in a short period of time," Yan said.