The phosphorus chemical industry in Yunnan has entered a period of rapid development. The leading products of phosphate rock, high-concentration phosphate compound fertilizer and yellow phosphorus have maintained a leading position in the production ranking of similar products in various provinces, cities and districts in the country and have moved to the top. The output of phosphate rock in Yunnan has exceeded 15 million tons for several consecutive years, ranking first in the country. Yunnan phosphate rock resources are abundant, but more than 90% are low-grade phosphate ore that is difficult to be directly used by subsequent deep processing. Experts predict that the Yunnan I-class product rich mine will not be mined for less than 10 years, and the crisis of rich mineral resources has been clearly highlighted. With the completion of the Yunnan National Phosphate Compound Fertilizer Base, the demand for high-quality phosphate ore is growing rapidly, and the consumption rate of high-quality rich ore is accelerating. Accelerating the pace of mineral processing development and utilization of low-grade phosphate resources in Yunnan is imminent and imperative.
There are billions of tons of low-grade phosphate resources in Yunnan that need to be developed and utilized. Yuntianhua Group Yunnan Phosphate Group Co., Ltd. is committed to scientific development, rational utilization of phosphate rock resources, construction and development of green mining, and cooperation with many universities and design institutes such as Wuhan University of Engineering to increase the medium and low grade. The research and development efforts and inputs of phosphate rock flotation technology have made breakthroughs in the normal temperature flotation, backwater utilization, environmental protection and technical and economic indicators of the phosphate rock, and obtained the industrialization development and utilization of the low-grade colloidal phosphate rock flotation. success. Utilizing the achievements and technology obtained from the industrialization development of low-grade colloidal phosphate rock flotation, it has designed and built 2 sets of flotation devices in Haikou with 2 million tons/year and 2 million tons in Anning, marking the low-grade phosphate rock in Yunnan. The selection has entered the stage of industrialization and large-scale development and utilization. In terms of resource support, mining scale, equipment level, technology research and development, and process flow, the company has comparative advantages and good development prospects.
1 Status and comparative advantages of industrialization of low-grade phosphate rock flotation in Yunnan
1.1 Yunnan has low-grade phosphorus resources and obvious resource support advantages.
Yunnan phosphate rock resources are abundant. By the end of 2005, the reserves of retained resources were 3.826 billion tons, of which the basic reserves were 849 million tons and the resources were 2.977 billion tons. According to 90% of the calculation, the medium and low grade phosphate resources that need to be beneficiated amounted to 3.443 billion tons. Yunnan Phosphate Group Co., Ltd., the leading supplier of phosphorus mining in Yunnan and the important commodity phosphate mine, has retained 377 million tons of phosphate rock reserves within the mine mining rights of the company as of the end of 2006. Low-grade phosphate resources account for about 80%, about 300 million tons. To this end, there are more than 3 billion tons of medium and low grade phosphate rock in Yunnan to be developed and utilized. The medium and low grade phosphate ore beneficiation has sufficient raw material guarantee and obvious resource support advantages.
1.2 The scale of production and selection is the first in the industry, with scale production advantages
At the end of 2007, Yuntianhua Group Yunnan Phosphate Group Co., Ltd. approved the mining capacity of 8.2 million tons/year; the capacity of the wiped-off mud device was 8.28 million tons/year, of which the self-owned capacity was 4.38 million tons/year, and the combined processing capacity was 4.2 million. Ton / year; flotation device capacity 4 million tons / year. The annual output of commercial phosphate rock is more than 8 million tons. It is the first in the industry in terms of mining scale and has the advantage of scale production.
1.3 Advanced equipment, high degree of automation, and the advantages of modern equipment
The company's new two sets of flotation devices have advanced design concepts, equipment selection based on domestic, introducing a small number of key equipment, streamlined process and compact layout. The coarse crushing adopts the imported large-scale counter-attack hammer crusher NP1415, the fine crushing adopts the imported high-efficiency cone crusher HP-300; the grinding section adopts the rod mill MB3200×4500, the second section adopts the overflow ball mill MQY4000×7100, and the classification adopts the Φ500 spin. The flow class is graded; the flotation operation adopts KYF-50m3 large flotation machine; the concentrate is densely packed with NXZ-30 high-efficiency thickener, the tailings are densely packed with NT-53 thickener; the measurement and control system adopts fieldbus PROFIBUS control technology, DCS through PROFIBUS The DP communication card is connected to the PLC system for automatic monitoring. The equipment is large-scale, high-efficiency, and has a high degree of automation and self-control, reaching the domestic first-class level.
1.4 R&D center specializes in technology research and development, with technical support advantages
In terms of development and utilization of phosphate rock resources, Yunnan Phosphate Group Co., Ltd. has established domestic first-class phosphate ore dressing technology research and pharmaceutical development and research center, and undertakes the research and development of medium and low grade phosphate ore dressing test, mineral processing technology and equipment. And innovation. There are pilot tests for phosphate ore dressing, expansion of continuous tests (1 ton / day), intermediate industrial tests (50 tons / day), industrial test equipment and research sites, equipped with advanced ore dressing test research equipment at home and abroad, such as the introduction of miniature closed circuit Trough and column continuous flotation system, expansion test and semi-industrial test flotation column, domestic advanced small continuous flotation machine and pharmaceutical development equipment, as well as advanced mineral identification, physical and chemical analysis and testing equipment. There are 85 full-time R&D personnel, including 21 senior titles and 42 intermediate titles. They specialize in mineral processing and ore dressing production for medium and low grade phosphate resources, and solve technical problems in mineral processing.
1.5 Advanced production technology and flexible process structure advantages
The design process of the flotation plant is normal temperature positive-reverse flotation, one-time rough selection, one sweep selection, one reverse rough selection, one sweep selection, short process and simple structure. Flotation and reverse flotation are excluded siliceous gangue and magnesium quality, good quality concentrate, acid method to achieve a class of processing quality. Positive flotation and reverse flotation separate the two operations, the foam is brittle and easy to flow, and the operation is simple, convenient and easy to control. At the same time, the process can be easily transformed into a SLR flotation and double reverse flotation process according to the characteristics of the selected ore. It has strong flexibility and adaptability. For the medium and low grade phosphate rock with the original ore grade P2O523.5% and MgO 4%, after flotation, the advanced technical index of concentrate grade P2O5 is more than 30%, MgO is less than 0.8%, and the ore recovery rate is more than 85%. After being identified, the flotation process technology and pharmaceuticals used in development have reached the international leading level.
2 Development prospects
Yunnan Phosphate Group Co., Ltd. takes "scientific development, rational utilization of phosphate rock resources, construction and development of green mining" as its mission, and aims to "build domestic first-class mining and selection enterprises, create clean production qualified units and environment-friendly enterprises" and adhere to the enterprise. Benefits, resource efficiency, environmental benefits, and social benefits are “four effects†and adhere to management innovation, technological innovation, institutional innovation, and scientific development. In 2007, Haikou Phase I 2 million tons/year phosphate ore flotation plant and Anning 2 million tons/year flotation plant have been completed. In September 2007, Jinning’s 4.5 million tons/year flotation plant has started construction. In the first half of the year, the preliminary work for the construction of Haikou Phase II 3 million tons/year flotation plant will be launched. By 2010, the company's mining capacity will reach 14 million tons / year, flotation capacity reached 11.5 million tons / year, the annual output of commercial phosphate rock reached 10 million tons, becoming the country's largest phosphate mining and mining enterprises and commercial phosphate mine supply base .
3 Policy recommendations
The mineral processing development and plant construction of low-grade phosphate ore in Yunnan has just emerged, which is an important means and means for effectively utilizing resources, improving resource utilization, and transforming resource advantages into economic advantages. How to promote the healthy and orderly development of the phosphate mining and dressing industry, and to bring into play the benefits and effects of resources and devices, it is necessary to support some policy support:
(1) It is recommended to implement strict industry access, improve the access conditions for the construction of medium and low grade phosphate ore dressing plants, limit the blind investment in the construction of mineral processing equipment, cause waste of secondary resources, and adhere to the path of scale, intensification and scientific.
(2) It is recommended to further accelerate the pace of resource integration and the intensity of resource integration, and implement superior resources to concentrate on the advantageous enterprises that are responsible for the country, the society, and the resources, so that resource-based enterprises have sufficient resources to guarantee.
(3) It is recommended to further reduce the tax burden of medium and low grade mineral resources processing and processing enterprises, support tax reduction and exemption of mineral resources tax, and reduce income tax rate, so that resource processing enterprises can increase their resource development and utilization technology, environmental protection and safety production. Great investment, continuously improve resource utilization and processing level, effectively reduce environmental load and pressure, and extend mine service life.
4 Conclusion
The flotation of low-grade colloidal phosphate rock in Yunnan has entered the stage of industrial development and utilization. It has just started and its foundation is weak. It needs the care, support and help of governments and peers at all levels. It is believed that in the next 3-5 years, the flotation of low-grade colloidal phosphate rock in Yunnan will surely embark on a new stage of large-scale, intensive and scientific development and utilization, which is the development of national phosphate fertilizer industry, Yunnan national phosphate fertilizer base and phosphorus chemical industry. The healthy and sustainable development of the industrial economy plays an important supporting role.
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