Chinese auto parts
"Quantity" and "Quality" Leap Together
"Overall, 30 years of reform and opening up, China's auto parts industry has experienced a transformation from small to large, from scratch, from closed to open, and gradually embarked on the road of independent innovation." China First Automobile Group former senior Engineer Wang Jiyun told reporters.
In the initial period of reform and opening up, the annual domestic automobile production was only 149,000 vehicles. In 2007, the annual domestic automobile production reached 8.883 million. “The vehicle is made up of parts and components, and the entire vehicle output has increased by leaps and bounds, reflecting the continuous increase in the capacity of the parts and components industry in 30 years.†Wang Jiyun said, “China’s auto parts production is getting higher and higher, especially when a number of private companies emerged and achieved remarkable results. ."
In the past 30 years, China's auto parts industry has not only achieved a quantum leap but also achieved a qualitative breakthrough. "Technological progress has accelerated. For example, in the high-power diesel engine field for commercial vehicles, there are many models with a power above 220 kW." Wang Jiyun told reporters, "When I work at FAW, parts and components are produced under the Group's engine, chassis, and wheels. In the same division, FAW has set up Fuao Parts Co., Ltd., and the production of parts and components is detached from the automaker, which has led to more specialized research and development and manufacturing, which has not only helped to increase production capacity but also improved product quality. The development of new energy vehicles has been rapid, and parts and components technology has also made significant progress, such as BYD's battery technology, has reached the international advanced level.†As an old expert in the automotive industry, Wang Jijun is pleased with the achievements made by the parts and components industry.
"Since the reform and opening up, foreign auto parts companies have entered China. They bring advanced technology and management experience, but also bring great challenges to domestic independent brand companies." Wang Jiyun said, "At present, the auto parts company's top priority It is to speed up independent innovation and master core technologies as soon as possible, and the government should also give policy support to related parts and components companies."
â– Technology introduction boosts parts industry
Keep up with the development of the entire vehicle industry
“The development of the parts and components industry should be synchronized with the entire vehicle industry. If we only focus on vehicle development and neglect the development of parts and components systems, the Chinese automobile industry cannot achieve today’s results.†said Chen Zutao, former general manager of China Automotive Industry Corporation.
Chen Zutao believes that joint ventures and cooperation have greatly promoted the progress of the domestic auto parts industry.
In the past 30 years, self-owned brand parts and components companies have invested more heavily in research and development and embarked on the road to independent innovation. "Some enterprises have introduced advanced foreign technology and actively carried out independent research and development, and achieved good results," said Chen Zutao.
Although the parts and components industry has made remarkable progress, the situation is still grim. Chen Zutao has always believed that China's spare parts industry needs a group of "little giants." Although these companies only produce a small part of the car, they have a high degree of specialization and high output.
â– Open innovation
Promote a substantial increase in engine technology
The engine is the core component of Hyundai Motor, and its development level is representative of the entire component industry. "In the 30 years of reform and opening up, China's internal combustion engine industry has made remarkable progress and the quality of its products has greatly increased," said Ni Hongjie, honorary chairman of China National Internal Combustion Engine Industry Association.
Ni Hongjie believes that the progress of the internal combustion engine industry is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:
First of all, the product structure adjustment has achieved remarkable results. “Before the reform and opening up, in the era of planned economy, the internal combustion engine industry mainly focused on serving rural areas and lacked automobile engines. Since the reform and opening up, the country has been vigorously developing the automobile industry, and the product structure of the internal combustion engine industry has been adjusted. At present, domestic engines can basically meet the needs of various models. "Ni Hongjie said.
Second, R&D and manufacturing capabilities have increased dramatically. “In the initial period of reform, domestic engine R&D capability was very poor. Through the introduction of technology, digestion and absorption, and re-innovation, we now have strong engine design and development capabilities. For example, the previous engine emission performance was poor, and now the National III standard has been fully implemented, while domestic Already have the ability to develop the country IV, the national V engine." Ni Hongjie said, "the progress of processing technology is equally evident, the domestic major engine company's processing technology has approached foreign advanced level."
Third, we have trained a large number of automotive R&D talents. “Before the reform and opening up, although there were some technical personnel in China, there was a shortage of R&D personnel. After the reform and opening up, they had to strengthen exchanges and cooperation with their foreign counterparts, introduce some foreign technicians, and at the same time vigorously train technical talents at home. Currently, large companies and groups have Quite a group of talented people.†Ni Hongjie said.
Ni Hongjie believes that the internal combustion engine industry can develop rapidly, mainly due to open technology innovation (including technology introduction, joint venture cooperation, technical consulting, joint development, etc.).
â– Rapid growth of car parts industry
“The level of manufacturing of truck parts has increased significantly, and the auto parts industry has risen rapidly. This is the largest achievement of China's auto parts industry since the reform and opening up 30 years ago.†Chen Guangzu, member of the China Automobile Industry Advisory Committee, said, “Before the reform and opening up, China’s trucks The parts and components industry has begun to take shape, but the level of car parts manufacturing is very low, which restricts the development of the Chinese car industry."
After the reform and opening up, China's car parts industry has risen rapidly. Chen Guangzu said that at the beginning, the country adopted the strategy of first introducing the whole vehicle and then working hard to realize the localization of parts and components, saving a lot of time. At the same time, the state has invested special funds to increase the localization rate of parts and components and promote the development of the car parts industry.
Before the reform and opening up, under the planned economic system, there was no competition in the Chinese auto parts industry. After the reform and opening up, along with the increase in the degree of specialization and the expansion of production scale, the market competition of China's auto parts industry has become increasingly fierce. Later, foreign parts and components companies favored the broad prospects for the development of China's auto industry. They set up wholly-owned companies in China, and the Chinese auto parts industry ushered in the era of global competition. Chen Guangzu said that foreign parts companies have entered the Chinese market, forcing domestic parts and components companies to accelerate technological upgrading and catch up with the international advanced level. Therefore, increasingly fierce competition has further promoted the development of China's auto parts industry.
At present, many domestic parts and components companies are learning Toyota's advanced production management experience. Chen Guangzu believes that Toyota’s experience can be divided into explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. Chinese companies only stay on the learning of explicit knowledge such as zero inventory, lean production, and how to achieve the lowest cost, the largest scale, and the highest efficiency. Tacit knowledge lacks attention. He said that only by strengthening the study of tacit knowledge and ensuring close cooperation between vehicle manufacturers and parts suppliers can China's auto parts industry move toward a higher level.
â– Practice to create professional talents
Professor Huang Shilin of the Automotive Research Institute of Tsinghua University has been working on the research of car crash safety for a long time and set up a Tsinghua University automobile crash test room. He said that because the Chinese auto industry started relatively late, it was not until the early 1990s that China began to have a relatively complete vehicle crash test room. The initial crash test was conducted outdoors and the conditions were very simple. Nowadays, the hardware conditions in the test room have been significantly improved. Collision test rigs have appeared one after another across the country. On this basis, the research on China's automobile collision safety has made new progress.
Car crash tests are crucial to improve the body structure and improve vehicle safety. Because of the foreign technology blockade, Chinese researchers can only rely on their own efforts and continue to accumulate experience. "We have excellent teams and we unite to overcome many difficulties," said Huang Shilin.
"Hopefully pinned on young people." Prof. Huang Shilin said, "Practice is the best means of inspection. Experts in auto parts and components will be tested."
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