Vanadium-titanium magnetic iron ore is the main source of vanadium, titanium products, for the smelting of iron and steel has a specific value, the steel industry is the main raw material indispensable. In recent years, with the development of China's economy, the demand for iron, vanadium, iron and other mineral products is increasing. Therefore, improving the comprehensive utilization technology level of vanadium-titanium magnetite resources provides good support for the sustainable development of China's economy. The resource guarantee is of great significance.
A low-grade vanadium-titanium magnetite has a large reserve, but the iron grade is low, and the ore dressing is difficult. How to strengthen the recovery of iron in the low-grade vanadium-titanium magnetite resource is a key issue in the development and utilization of the mine. Based on the characteristics of the ore, this study conducted iron ore testing studies to provide a basis for the development of the mine.
First, the nature of the ore
From the point of view of the genesis of the deposit, a vanadium-titanium magnetite ore is a product of crystallization and differentiation of basic and ultrabasic magma, and belongs to the pyroxenite type high-iron type ore. The main structural types of ore are self-formed-semi-automorphic crystal structure, sparse granular structure, solid solution decomposition structure and irregular structure; the main structural types are medium-disseminated structures and star-dispersed structures. The mineral components in the ore can be divided into iron minerals, titanium minerals, sulfides and gangue minerals. Among them, iron mineral content accounts for 19.01%, mainly titanium magnetite, and a small amount of titanium hematite, maghemite, goethite, limonite, etc.; titanium mineral content accounts for 7.85%, mainly ilmenite Mine, there are very few amounts of white titanium, etc.; gangue mineral content accounts for 72.94%, mainly pyroxene and diopside , with a small amount of feldspar , olivine, biotite , sericite, chlorite, hornblende , quartz, spinel and the like; sulfide mineral pyrrhotite, pyrite and copper ore and the like, the content of small, only 0.2%.
The multi-element analysis results of the ore and the iron phase analysis results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Table 1 Multi-element analysis results of ore chemistry
ingredient | Fe | Fe 2 O 3 | TiO 2 | V 2 O 5 | Cu | Co | Ni |
content | 18.35 | 14.32 | 8.26 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
ingredient | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO | S | P | |
content | 33.17 | 5.32 | 15.02 | 11.78 | 0.09 | 0.04 |
Table 2 Analysis results of ore phase of iron ore
Different | Ilmenite | Magnetic iron | Needle-shaped limonite | Silicic acid mine | total |
Iron content Iron share | 2.43 13.24 | 10.26 55.88 | 0.49 2.67 | 5.18 28.21 | 18.36 100.00 |
Second, the coarse grain tail test
The iron grade of the ore is relatively low, and the ore dressing is relatively large. In order to improve the iron input grade and the processing capacity of the equipment, the production cost is reduced, and the test material is subjected to a coarse grain pre-tailing test.
(1) Single weak magnetic separation coarse grain tailing test
In order to reduce the crushing and grinding cost of the ore, the electromagnetic weak magnetic pulley is used to perform single weak magnetic separation and tailing on materials of 75 to 0.50, 50 to 0, 20 to 0.15, 20 to 0, 15 to 0, and 10 to 0 mm. Test to see if the ore can throw qualified tailings at a coarser particle size. The test procedure is shown in Figure 1, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
Figure 1 Single weak magnetic separation coarse grain tailing test process
(For some reason, the chart is unclear, you can call for free if you need it)
Table 3 Single weak magnetic separation coarse grain tailing test results
Feeding size / mm | product | Yield/% | grade/% | Recovery rate/% | ||
Fe | TiO 2 | Fe | TiO 2 | |||
75~0 | Coarse concentrate Coarse tailings Raw ore | 59.44 40.56 100.00 | 18.97 17.27 18.28 | 8.66 8.10 8.43 | 61.68 38.32 100.00 | 61.04 38.96 100.00 |
50~0 | Coarse concentrate Coarse tailings Raw ore | 67.84 32.16 100.00 | 19.00 17.21 18.42 | 8.71 8.01 8.48 | 69.96 30.04 100.00 | 69.64 30.36 100.00 |
20~0 | Coarse concentrate Coarse tailings Raw ore | 78.20 21.80 100.00 | 19.06 16.17 18.43 | 8.81 7.33 8.49 | 80.87 19.13 100.00 | 81.17 18.83 100.00 |
10~0 | Coarse concentrate Coarse tailings Raw ore | 80.75 19.25 100.00 | 20.43 10.47 18.51 | 9.19 4.89 8.36 | 89.11 10.89 100.00 | 88.74 11.26 100.00 |
The results in Table 3 show that the single weak magnetic separation coarse grain tailing is carried out by electromagnetic magnetic pulley. The grain size of the coarse grain concentrate is slightly improved with the decrease of the ore size, but the variation range is not large. The content of iron and titanium in the tailings thrown decreased with the decrease of the feed size, but even if the tail size is less than 10mm, the Fe content in the coarse tailings is still about 10.0%, and the TiO 2 content is also about 5.0%. The loss of iron and titanium is relatively large, exceeding 10.0%, which is not conducive to the comprehensive recovery of iron and titanium. Therefore, the vanadium-titanium magnetite is not suitable for single weak magnetic separation tailing.
(2) Weak magnetic separation + strong magnetic separation tailing test
Due to the single weak magnetic separation process for coarse grain tailing, the iron and titanium lost in the tailings thrown out are more. Therefore, the CRIMMΦ100×100-II double-layer Yongduan roll magnetic separator is used, which is 20~0, 15 ～0, 10 ~0mm 3 ore grade raw ore was subjected to weak magnetic separation + strong magnetic separation. The test procedure is shown in Figure 2, and the test results are shown in Table 4.
Figure 2 Weak magnetic + strong magnetic coarse tail test procedure
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Table 4 Results of weak magnetic + strong magnetic coarse grain tailing test
Feeding size / mm | product | Yield/% | grade/% | Recovery rate/% | ||
Fe | TiO 2 | Fe | TiO 2 | |||
20~0 | Coarse concentrate Coarse tailings Raw ore | 93.47 6.53 100.00 | 19.19 10.81 18.64 | 8.81 3.98 8.49 | 96.21 3.79 100.00 | 96.94 3.06 100.00 |
15~0 | Coarse concentrate Coarse tailings Raw ore | 92.00 8.00 100.00 | 19.46 8.65 18.60 | 8.93 3.44 8.49 | 96.28 3.72 100.00 | 96.76 3.24 100.00 |
10~0 | Coarse concentrate Coarse tailings Raw ore | 90.86 9.14 100.00 | 19.45 7.55 18.36 | 8.63 2.89 8.11 | 96.24 3.76 100.00 | 96.74 3.26 100.00 |
It can be seen from Table 4 that the weak magnetic separation + strong magnetic separation tailing is carried out by a double-roller magnetic separator. As the grain size of the raw ore is reduced, the yield of the tailings is increased, and the iron in the tailings is thrown. The titanium content is reduced. When the tailing particle size is less than 10mm, the tailings yield is the largest, the iron and titanium content are the lowest, and the loss rate of Fe and TiO 2 in the tailings is the smallest, which are 3.76% and 3.26% respectively. Compared with the single weak magnetic separation tailing process, the loss of iron and titanium in throwing tailings decreased by about 7.5 percentage points. The test results show that it is suitable to use weak magnetic separation + strong magnetic separation tailing with -10mm particle size, and can discard 10% qualified tailings, thus reducing the amount of grinding material and reducing production cost.
3. Weak magnetic separation test of coarse grain concentrate
For the coarse-grain concentrate obtained by weak magnetic separation + strong magnetic separation and tailing at -10mm particle size, the iron separation test was carried out by stage grinding and stage weak magnetic separation.
(1) A section of grinding fineness test
The coarse concentrate was ground to different fineness, and a weak magnetic separation was performed at a magnetic field strength of 99.52 kA/m using a wet weak magnetic separator. The test procedure is shown in Figure 3, and the test results are shown in Table 5.
Figure 3 A weak magnetic separation test procedure
(For some reason, the chart is unclear, you can call for free if you need it)
Table 5 Results of a section of grinding fineness test %
Grinding fineness (-200 mesh) | product | Yield | grade | Recovery rate | ||
Fe | TiO 2 | Fe | TiO 2 | |||
40 | Coarse concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 22.68 77.32 100.00 | 49.75 10.53 19.43 | 13.53 7.13 8.58 | 58.09 41.91 100.00 | 35.76 64.24 100.00 |
50 | Coarse concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 22.30 77.70 100.00 | 50.86 10.43 19.45 | 13.01 7.38 8.64 | 58.32 41.68 100.00 | 33.60 66.40 100.00 |
60 | Coarse concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 21.98 78.02 100.00 | 51.03 10.56 19.46 | 12.99 7.40 8.63 | 57.65 42.35 100.00 | 33.09 66.91 100.00 |
The results of a grinding fineness test show that as the fineness increases, the iron grade of the coarse concentrate increases, and the grade and distribution rate of titanium in the coarse concentrate decreases. After a section of grinding fineness is higher than -200 mesh 50%, the coarse concentrate index is basically stable. Therefore, choose a section of grinding fineness of -200 mesh 50%.
(2) A weak magnetic separation field strength test
Under the condition that the grinding fineness is -200 mesh content of 50%, a weak magnetic separation field strength test is carried out on the coarse concentrate, and the test results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 Test results of a weak magnetic separation field strength test
Magnetic field strength /(kA/m) | product | Yield/% | grade/% | Recovery rate/% | ||
Fe | TiO 2 | Fe | TiO 2 | |||
63.69 | Coarse concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 21.02 78.98 100.00 | 51.03 11.20 19.57 | 12.96 7.45 8.61 | 54.80 45.20 100.00 | 31.65 68.35 100.00 |
75.64 | Coarse concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 21.67 78.33 100.00 | 50.97 10.86 19.55 | 13.01 7.38 8.60 | 56.49 43.51 100.00 | 32.78 67.22 100.00 |
99.52 | Coarse concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 22.18 77.82 100.00 | 50.95 10.50 19.47 | 13.00 7.39 8.63 | 58.04 41.96 100.00 | 33.39 66.61 100.00 |
115.45 | Coarse concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 22.23 77.77 100.00 | 50.89 10.48 19.46 | 13.01 7.45 8.69 | 58.12 41.88 100.00 | 33.30 66.70 100.00 |
The magnetic field strength test results in Table 5 show that as the magnetic field strength increases, the grade of coarse concentrate changes is not obvious, and the recovery rate of iron increases. Considering comprehensively, it is determined that the magnetic field strength is 99.52 kA/m.
(3) Two-stage grinding fineness test
In order to further improve the iron grade of iron concentrate, reduce the titanium content of iron concentrate, and obtain a higher quality iron concentrate product, obtained under the condition of grinding fineness of -200 mesh 50% and magnetic field strength of 99.52 kA/m. A weak magnetic separation coarse concentrate is used for fine grinding concentrate. First, a two-stage grinding fineness test was carried out at a magnetic field strength of 99.52 kA/m. The test procedure is shown in Figure 4, and the test results are shown in Table 7.
Figure 4 Two-stage weak magnetic separation test procedure
(For some reason, the chart is unclear, you can call for free if you need it)
Table 7 Two-stage grinding fineness test results %
Grinding fineness (-200 mesh) | product | Yield/% | grade/% | Recovery rate/% | ||
Fe | TiO 2 | Fe | TiO 2 | |||
80 | Concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 86.60 13.40 100.00 | 56.33 15.84 50.90 | 12.27 17.75 13.00 | 95.83 4.17 100.00 | 81.71 18.29 100.00 |
85 | Concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 84.38 15.62 100.00 | 57.08 17.56 50.91 | 11.92 19.01 13.03 | 94.61 5.9 100.00 | 77.21 22.79 100.00 |
90 | Concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 83.70 16.30 100.00 | 57.23 17.95 50.83 | 11.74 19.40 12.99 | 94.24 5.76 100.00 | 75.65 24.35 100.00 |
From the results of the second-stage grinding fineness test, it can be seen that the -200 mesh content is increased from 80% to 90%, the iron concentrate iron grade has increased, but the amplitude is not large; the distribution ratio of titanium in iron concentrate is 81.71%. Dropped to 75.65%. After the second-stage grinding fineness is greater than -200 mesh and 85%, the iron grade and iron recovery rate and the titanium content of the iron concentrate do not change much. Considering the iron concentrate index and grinding cost, it is determined that the second-stage grinding fineness is -200 mesh and accounts for 85%.
(4) Two-stage weak magnetic separation magnetic field strength test
Under the condition that the second-stage grinding fineness is -200 mesh and 85%, the two-stage weak magnetic separation magnetic field strength test is carried out. The test results are shown in Table 8.
Table 8 Two-stage weak magnetic separation magnetic field strength test results
Magnetic field strength /(kA/m) | product | Yield/% | grade/% | Recovery rate/% | ||
Fe | TiO 2 | Fe | TiO 2 | |||
75.64 | Concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 83.25 16.75 100.00 | 57.32 18.65 50.84 | 11.88 19.00 13.07 | 93.86 6.14 100.00 | 75.06 24.34 100.00 |
99.52 | Concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 84.38 15.62 100.00 | 57.08 17.56 50.91 | 11.92 19.01 13.03 | 94.61 5.39 100.00 | 77.21 22.79 100.00 |
115.45 | Concentrate Tailings Feed mine | 22.23 77.77 100.00 | 57.00 17.52 50.85 | 11.93 19.02 13.03 | 94.63 5.37 100.00 | 77.27 22.73 100.00 |
The results of the weak magnetic separation field strength test in Table 2 indicate that with the increase of the magnetic field strength, the grade of iron concentrate is not obvious, and the iron recovery rate is slightly improved. Considering comprehensively, the strength of the two-stage weak magnetic separation magnetic field is determined to be 99.52 kA/m.
Fourth, the process test
According to the above test results, the flow test was carried out according to Fig. 5. The technical indexes obtained are shown in Table 9.
Figure 5 coarse grain tailing-stage grinding test process
Table 9 Process test results %
product | Yield | grade | Recovery rate | ||
Fe | TiO 2 | Fe | TiO 2 | ||
Iron concentrate Coarse tailings Fine tailings Raw ore | 17.10 9.14 73.76 100.00 | 57.08 7.55 10.72 18..36 | 11.92 2.89 7.88 8.11 | 53.16 3.76 43.08 100.00 | 25.15 3.21 71.64 100.00 |
The test results in Table 9 show that iron is obtained by a coarse-grain tail-stage grinding process for a low-grade vanadium-titanium magnetite. Iron can be obtained under the condition that the original ore Fe grade is 18.36% and the TiO 2 grade is 8.11%. A good test index of 57.08% concentrate of Fe, 11.92% of TiO 2 and 53.16% of Fe recovery.
V. Conclusion
(A) a vanadium-titanium magnetite in low-grade metal titanium mineral magnetite and ilmenite, titanium still include a small amount of hematite, maghemite, goethite, limonite and white Titanite, etc.; gangue minerals are mainly ordinary pyroxene and diopside, with a small amount of feldspar, olivine, biotite, sericite, chlorite, hornblende, quartz, spinel and so on.
(2) The ore has a low iron content and a relatively large ore dressing. Using CRIMMΦ100 × 1000-II double-layer permanent magnet roller magnetic separator, coarse tailing can be carried out at a particle size of 10~0mm, and qualified tailings with a yield of about 9% can be thrown. The iron is in the coarse tailings. The loss is only about 3%, which is conducive to improving the selected grade and equipment processing capacity and reducing the grinding power consumption.
(3) The coarse-grained concentrate obtained by pre-tapping is sorted by stage grinding and stage weak magnetic separation process. The fineness of grinding in a section is -200 mesh, 50%, and the second-stage grinding fineness is -200. Under the condition of 85%, through two weak magnetic separation, iron concentrate with iron grade of 57.08%, TiO 2 content of 11.92% and iron recovery of 53.16% can be obtained.
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