In view of the fine size, wide distribution and high grade of the seashore sand mine, its development and utilization have been widely concerned by domestic and foreign mineralizers . In this paper, through the exploratory experimental research on the mineralogy analysis, weak magnetic separation and shaker re-election of a certain coastal rock mine, the ore properties and the best beneficiation process of the coastal sand mine were identified and developed for its use. Provide a theoretical basis.
I. Mineralogy characteristics
(1) Analysis of chemical composition
The results of multi-element analysis of raw ore are shown in Table 1. The total iron content of the original ore is 47.11%, the magnetic rate (FeO/TFe) is 47.89%, and the titanium content is 12.10%, which belongs to the titanium-containing magnetite ore. The ore has a basicity coefficient (CaO+MgO)/(SiO 2 +A1 2 O 3 )=0.36, which is an acidic ore (<0.5). Further, the ores S, P content is low, is a low-sulfur phosphate rock.
(II) Analysis of phase composition of iron and titanium
The phase composition analysis results of iron and titanium in the ore are shown in Table 2 and Table 3, respectively.
From the results of iron and titanium phase analysis, it can be seen that the iron in the ore is mainly in the form of magnetic iron, the magnetic iron occupation rate is 80.58%, contains a certain amount of iron oxide and iron silicate, and the content of iron sulfide and iron carbonate are both is very low, the theoretical recovery using magnetic Separation of iron is 80.58%; titanium, titanium mainly magnetite, TiO 2 share of 58.93%, followed present in ilmenite, rutile and silicates It contains only a small amount of titanium.
(III) Analysis of mineral inlay characteristics
The chemical composition of magnetite and ilmenite in the sample was detected by an electron probe, and the results are shown in Table 4 and Table 5, respectively.
Table 4 shows that the FeO content in magnetite is 82.4l%, and the TFe content in the magnetite is 64.1%, which is much lower than the theoretical content of pure magnetite (72.41%), and the TiO 2 content is 11.39%. The beach sand mine belongs to the titanium magnetite.
Table 5 shows that the ilmenite in the sample contains a large amount of impurity components such as Mg and V, and the content of TiO 2 is 47.69%, which is lower than the theoretical content of pure ilmenite (51.68%).
In summary, through the analysis of the titanium phase and the electron probe, it is considered that the Ti and Fe of the coastal sand mine are symbiotic and difficult to separate, and can be recycled as titanium magnetite.
Second, the original ore magnetic separation test
Based on the analysis of ore properties such as magnetic properties of ore (47.89%) and magnetic iron occupancy (80.58%), a series of experimental studies on the weak magnetic separation process were carried out on the ore.
(1) Magnetic separation test of ore grinding
In order to examine the magnetic separation effect of the seashore sand mine under different grinding fineness, the XCGS type φ50 magnetic separation tube was used, and the magnetic field strength was 0.2T. The magnetic separation test was carried out on the samples with different grinding fineness. The test results are shown in Fig. 1. .
Figure 1 Magnetic separation test results under different grinding fineness
It can be seen from Fig. 1 that with the increase of grinding fineness, the content of -74μm increases from 24.24% to 94.44%, the grade of iron concentrate increases from 56.49% to 58.65%, the increase is small, and the recovery rate is 82.21. % dropped to 79.34%. Therefore, when the ore is directly ground, the magnetic separation effect is poor, and the iron concentrate grade cannot meet the requirements.
(II) Pre-selection of raw ore - re-grinding magnetic separation test of coarse concentrate
In order to further explore ways to improve the concentrate grade, the raw ore is subjected to wet pre-selection-crude concentrate re-magnetization test. Pre-selection and tailing of raw ore, re-election of coarse concentrate ore, greatly reducing the amount of ore that enters the ball mill , which is conducive to reducing costs and improving concentrate grade.
1. Pre-selection test
The original ore size is below 0.4 mm. Therefore, the XCRS-Φ400×400 drum-shaped wet weak magnetic separator is used directly, and the magnetic field strength is 0.2T. The pre-selection test is carried out. The test results are shown in Table 6.
It can be seen from the pre-selection results that after the wet pre-selection, the grade of the crude concentrate TFe is increased to 57.73%, and the TFe recovery rate is 80.63%. Compared with the small test results of the magnetic separator, the concentrate grade is slightly higher and the recovery rate is slightly lower. TiO 2 from the grade and recovery of view, slightly enriched in the TiO 2 pre-concentrate, the grade of 12.66%, the recovery rate 68.85%.
It can be seen that in the weak magnetic preselection process, TiO 2 has a tendency to be enriched with magnetite synchronously, which is mainly due to the fact that TiO 2 is mainly in the form of titanomagnetite, and it is difficult to effectively separate in the magnetic separation process.
2, coarse concentrate re-magnetization test
Under different grinding fineness, the magnetic separation test results of pre-selected concentrate re-magnetizing tube are shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 Results of magnetic separation test of coarse concentrate under different grinding fineness
It can be seen from Fig. 2 that as the fineness of the grinding increases, the iron content of the magnetic separation concentrate gradually increases. When the grinding fineness reaches -45μm, accounting for 76.63%, the iron concentrate grade exceeds 60%; further increasing the grinding fineness, the concentrate grade increases little, and the recovery rate decreases. It is indicated that the separation of iron and titanium in the ore is difficult. This is mainly due to the close symbiosis of iron and titanium in the ore.
In summary, from the perspective of grinding cost and sorting effect, it is considered that the magnetic separation result is better when the content of -45μm accounts for 85.05%. At this time, the iron concentrates obtained are shown in Table 7.
The results in Table 7 show that the quality of the final iron concentrate obtained by the wet pre-selection-grinding-magnetic separation process can meet the requirements of the “smelting concentrate†of China for the vanadium- titanium magnetite concentrate grade (TFe>54%, TiO 2 <13%). The mass quality flow of the wet pre-selection-grinding-magnetic separation test is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 Wet pre-selection - grinding - magnetic selection quality process
Third, tailings re-election test
The pre-selected tailings and magnetic separation tailings are combined to form a comprehensive tailings. The combined yield of tailings is 40.50%, the tailings contain Fe. 27.76%, the recovery rate is 23.87%, the grade of TiO 2 is 11.34%, and the recovery rate is 37.94%. Since the content of Fe and Ti in the magnetic separation comprehensive tailings is still high, in order to explore the way of comprehensive utilization, the magnetic separation of the tailings is used as the raw material, and the exploration and testing of the four products of the shaker and the coarse-fine process are respectively carried out. test.
(1) Shaker four product selection test
The experimental results of the four products of the shaker are shown in Table 8.
From the results of the exploration test of the four products of the shaker (see Table 8), when the yield of the shaker concentrate is low (Product 1, Product 2), a shaker containing TFe>50% and titanium>22% can be obtained. Concentrate, indicating that the shaker separation has a good enrichment effect, and the re-election of the shaker can further enrich the iron and titanium in the tailings.
(2) Shaker-crude-fine process test
The results of the shaker-crude-fine process test are shown in Table 9.
From Table 9, the yield of shaker concentrate can reach 40.69%, the iron grade is 46.70%, the iron recovery rate is 68.45% (the recovery rate of raw ore is 16.34%); the titanium grade is 22.02%, and the titanium recovery rate is 79.01. % (recovery rate of raw ore is 29.98%). The results show that the shake-rough-fine process test can further enrich the iron and titanium in the tailings, but it can not meet the quality requirements of iron concentrate or titanium concentrate, and can be used as a medium ore.
If the shaker concentrate is mixed with the above-mentioned magnetic separation concentrate as a concentrate, the Fe grade of the mixed concentrate is 57.33%, the recovery rate is increased to 92.47%, the TiO 2 grade is 14.66%, and the recovery rate is increased to 92.04%. . The content of TFe in the mixed concentrate can meet the quality requirements of China's vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate (TFe>54%), but the content of TiO 2 is slightly higher (TiO 2 <13%). Therefore, from the perspective of the beneficiation process, the magnetic separation-re-election combined process is beneficial to the comprehensive recovery of iron and titanium in the ore.
Fourth, the conclusion
(1) The content of TFe in ore is 47.11%, the content of TiO 2 is 12.10%, and the proportion of magnetic iron is very large. Titanium is mainly found in magnetite. It is difficult to separate iron and titanium, so it can be recycled as titanium magnetite.
(2) The series of experiments on the weak magnetic separation process of raw ore shows that the principle of wet pre-selection-grinding-magnetic separation is controlled, the content of -45μm is above 85%, and the quality index of titanium magnetite concentrate is: yield 59.50% (selection ratio 1.68), Fe grade 60.28%, recovery rate 76.13%, TiO 2 grade 12.62%, recovery rate 62.06%, can meet the requirements of China's "smelting concentrate" for vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate grade.
(III) Comprehensive tailings shaker selection experiment shows that the use of the -crude-fine shaker selection process can further enrich the iron and titanium in the tailings, and the quality index of the obtained concentrate is: Fe grade is 46.70%, the operation recovery rate is 68.45%, the TiO 2 grade is 22.02%, and the operation recovery rate is 79.01%, which can be used as a medium ore.
(4) After mixing the shaker re-concentrated concentrate with the magnetic separation concentrate, the yield of the mixed concentrate is 75.98%, the Fe grade is 57.33%, the recovery rate is 92.47%, and the TiO 2 grade is 14.66%. The recovery rate is 92.04%, using the magnetic separation-re-election combined process, is conducive to the comprehensive recovery of iron and titanium in the ore.
references
[1] Lin Guoliang. Research on the selectivity of ore [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 1994: 101-114.
[2] Xie Guangyuan. Mineral Processing [M]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology Press, 2002: 388-462.
[3] Zhou Leguang. The basis of ore science fM]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2007.
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