There are various signs that a battle for the new energy vehicle market has begun. Whoever can seize the opportunity to occupy the leading position of new energy vehicle technology will lead the future of the automotive market.
In the global trend of increasing oil extraction and high oil prices, the energy crisis and environmental crisis are looming. Faced with new challenges, in recent years, countries all over the world are actively exploring the diversification of energy sources. The development and application of new energy products have become the focus of the development of the world's automobile industry.
Industry analysts believe that the new energy revolution in automobiles will become another major industrial revolution in the history of world autos following the “Ford assembly line production†and “Toyota fine managementâ€. The National Development and Reform Commission promulgated the “Regulations on the Management of Production Access for New Energy Vehicles†on November 1st. From November 14th to 17th, the Bibiden Challenge, a benchmark for the research and development of new energy technologies, was revived in Shanghai. Volkswagen, General Motors, etc. Foreign companies, as well as domestic companies such as SAIC Motor, competed. They brought in hybrid cars and fuel cell cars. There are various signs that a battle for the new energy vehicle market has begun. Whoever can seize the opportunity to occupy the leading position of new energy vehicle technology will lead the future of the automotive market.
New Energy Vehicle Marketization Needs Process
How to reduce the production cost of hybrid vehicles and make them enter the market in batches is a common problem faced by automobile manufacturers in various countries.
New energy vehicles can be classified into five categories according to international technical specifications: First, energy-saving and environmentally friendly vehicles based on traditional petroleum fuels, such as advanced diesel vehicles and hybrid vehicles; and second, gas vehicles based on natural gas and petroleum associated products, such as compressed natural gas (CNG). ) Automobiles and LPG vehicles; thirdly, alternative fuel vehicles based on fossil fuels, such as CTL, GTL, and dimethyl ether (DME); Fuel ethanol cars and biodiesel cars; Fifth, fuel cell cars and pure electric cars. At present, Volkswagen, General Motors, Toyota, and Ford are among the world leaders in the field of researching new energy vehicles.
There is still a certain gap between China's auto companies and foreign countries, but there have been breakthroughs in the industrialization of hybrid vehicles and the industrialization of pure electric cars. Dongfeng, FAW, Chang'an, Chery and other auto companies have completed the task of their respective hybrid cars. The products they research and develop have their own characteristics in terms of technical solutions, structural features, and cost. At present, China has 8 hybrid vehicles entering the national motor vehicle. Product announcement.
Although we have made some progress in the new energy automotive technology, we will encounter great challenges in realizing marketization.
In an interview with the “Market News†reporter, Xu Guolu, vice president of Ford Motor Co., Ltd., said: “We are now producing fuel cell vehicles without problems, but after the production, where do consumers add hydrogen? Can the vehicle price be borne? It is a follow-up issue. To introduce hybrid vehicles, millions of people must be able to afford it, not just niche consumers. We must consider the public’s ability to take on it.â€
The cost of new energy development is high. For example, domestic dimethyl ether is rich in resources, but the price of dimethyl ether is relatively high. The total vehicle cost is about 20,000 yuan more than that of ordinary passenger cars, and a large amount of investment is required to build new gas stations. Hybrid vehicles have a higher production cost bottleneck. Similar gasoline vehicles are about 20% higher; fuel cell vehicles need to consume large amounts of electric energy to produce hydrogen by electrolysis, and must always be at minus 200 degrees Celsius liquid state, which is not conducive to storage and transportation, and the cost is high.
Li Wanli, director of the Industrial Policy Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, believes that now some companies have broken through the hybrid technology and entered the field individually. How to evaluate the market and adaptability of hybrid power in the future also requires further study. Therefore, there is still a process of realizing large-scale and large-scale industrialization of hybrid power.
Li Wanli said that the high cost has also become one of the bottlenecks in the large-scale promotion of hybrid vehicles. How to reduce the production cost of hybrid vehicles and make them enter the market in batches is also a common problem faced by automobile manufacturers in various countries.
The car is becoming an important source of pollution
The development of new energy vehicles is a major event that addresses the common interests of countries, enterprises, and consumers.
Although the development of new energy vehicles will encounter such problems, but the reality of environmental pollution we have to face. The automobile is becoming an important source of pollution in the urban environment. It is predicted that by 2010, the first major source of air pollution in over 400 cities in 661 cities in China will be converted from soot to motor vehicles; in the top 10 polluting cities in the world, China has already occupied 8 of them. The development of new energy vehicles is a matter of great importance to the common interests of the country, enterprises, and consumers. Faced with such demands, we must speed up the research and development and application of new technologies to find an effective road to development that suits our national conditions.
“The country needs to have a near-term, medium-term, or long-term automobile development plan. How to solve the energy shortage and environmental protection pressures that are facing the short-term problem. The fastest and most important thing that can play a big role in energy conservation and emission reduction is the issue of diesel fuel. The diesel technology is already very mature," said Yu Zhuoping, dean of the School of Automotive Engineering at Tongji University.
Yu Zhuoping believes that in the near term, diesel technology is more important than hybrid technology. As long as it can quickly solve the fuel quality problems, energy conservation and emission reduction will soon achieve results.
Zhang Xinhua, director of the Center for Policy and Strategic Research at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, believes that renewable energy is truly clean energy. Developing China’s rich new energy and renewable energy sources and opening up new alternative energy supply channels are both in line with national conditions and in line with The wise move of international development trends is also one of the best ways for China to achieve a sustainable development strategy. It is also a realistic choice for the development of the automobile industry in China in the 21st century.
Shanghai Automobile (23.98, -0.36, -1.48%, enter the bar) Chen Hong, president of the Group Co., Ltd., told the "Market News" reporter: "The three strategic focuses of SAIC New Energy Vehicle R&D are to accelerate the industrialization of hybrid vehicles. Accelerating the industrialization of hybrid vehicles and promoting research and development of demonstration and operation of fuel cell vehicles.We have clearly defined the development goals for new energy during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period: hybrid vehicles will be put into production in small batches in 2008, and will reach 10,000-class capacity in 2010; Fuel cell vehicles accelerate research, development and application, and will be commercialized in 2010."
Independent brand new energy car is a strategic choice
The development of energy-saving and environmental protection and new energy vehicles, the formation of independent intellectual property rights and independent brand products, is a major strategic choice for safeguarding China's oil security and achieving sustainable development of China's auto industry.
The revolution in automotive energy and power technology is a relatively long process. Experts predict that hybrid power is expected to gradually become popular in the near to mid-term; the commercialization of fuel cell vehicles will take place around 2020. Facing the mid-to-long-term development trend of the world's automotive technology, China's automotive industry is currently in this period of technological change, providing a historical opportunity for the transformation of China's transportation energy dynamic system.
Experts believe that the biggest advantage of China is that the resources and energy situation is more suitable for the development of new energy automotive systems. The relative lack of oil and gas resources in China currently restricts the sustainable development of traditional transport energy. However, the multiple alternatives of other resources can give full play to the advantages of resource diversity and lay the foundation for the development of various types of new energy vehicles based on local conditions.
At present, there are 220,000 gas vehicles in China, more than 700 gas stations, and 1.5 million tons of oil replaced annually. Moreover, natural gas vehicles have shown rapid growth momentum and are expected to enter a large-scale promotion and application stage in the next few years. During the "10th Five-Year Plan" period, the Ministry of Science and Technology organized and implemented the "Electric Vehicle Major Science and Technology Special Project", and the state invested 880 million yuan, which is one of the largest special projects for science and technology. More than 200 units and more than 2,000 key scientific and technological personnel from the country are directly involved in the implementation of the system, and a preliminary cooperation mechanism has been formed for government, industry, academia, and research. At present, small-scale pure electric vehicles have begun to be used in small-scale industrialization. Many hybrid vehicle models have passed national certification and become products. Fuel cell vehicles have entered the stage of demonstration and evaluation. The self-developed fuel cells, power batteries, drive motors and electronic control systems have mass production capabilities. This has laid a solid foundation for technology, talent and practice for the implementation of China's automobile power transformation strategy.
In addition, China has the advantage of realizing the development of the new transportation energy power system. The diversification of energy sources and the cleanliness of emissions will promote the development of energy-efficient vehicles. Although the developed countries have all vigorously promoted the transition to new energy vehicles, its traditional automobile industry is huge, its oil infrastructure is perfect, consumption habits are difficult to change for a time, and the social costs of implementing transformation are high, making transformation difficult. China's auto industry started relatively late and its car penetration rate was relatively low. Therefore, there is more freedom in the development strategy of the automotive power system. Compared with conventional automobiles, China has comparative advantages in R&D and industrialization of new energy vehicles. If the policy is appropriate and companies actively participate, it is not empty talk that the Chinese automobile industry can take the lead in transforming the world.
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